mets wrote:"The reason "retard" is derogatory when used in this way is because it's used to imply that people who are mentally disabled are inferior individuals."
For example, when we overhear a conversation between two people, one of them may say, "stop being retarded."
(1) We can arrive at mets' conclusion only if we assume that the speaker maintains that all retards are inferior humans.
(2) Or, we may infer that the speaker means, "
this person is being stupid," or "
this person's ability to think is less efficient than most."
Note how nothing is implied about the inferiority of all retards in the second interpretation.
Also, note how people who adhere to (1) presume to know what the speaker thinks about all retards--given such little dialogue. (1)'s adherents either have inexplicable knowledge of other people's minds, or are 'putting words into people's mouths' (thus
may be mistaken in their interpretation--i.e. they can't be correct all the time).
People who adhere to (1) should be consistent by answering, "yes," to the following:
If I describe someone as being anxious, have I insulted everyone who suffers from anxiety problems?
The reason "anxious" is derogatory when used in this way is because it's used to imply that people who have anxiety disorders are inferior individuals.
If I describe someone as being boring, have I insulted everyone who fails at being entertaining?
The reason "boring" is derogatory when used in this way is because it's used to imply that people who are less able in being humorous are inferior individuals.
The problems of interpretation are simply assumed away whenever one claims to know what someone means--in its totality--when only given one dialogue. That heroic assumption entails hubris (in 'the overestimation of one's capabilities' meaning).