jonesthecurl wrote:But there's not a single "Chinese" language, surely. Don't they affect and modify each other?
There is standard Chinese (known as Mandarin in English) and then there are a bunch of regional dialects, including Cantonese, Shanghainese and others. The dialects all have the exact same grammar as Mandarin and use the same Chinese characters when being written and read - the only difference is the way the characters are spoken. The dialects aren't distinct enough to be recognized as languages, so they aren't.